The Mangaku Induak Tradition as a Living Fiqh: A Study of the Integration of Customary Law and Islamic Family Law in Sijunjung
Keywords:
Living Fiqh, Mangaku Induak, Matrilineal Customary Law, Marriage Guardianship, SijunjungAbstract
This study examines the dialectic between universal Islamic family law and local matrilineal customs through the lens of the Mangaku Induak tradition in Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra. While previous scholars have often polarized the relationship between sharia and custom, or predominantly focused on customary marriages in coastal areas, this study investigates how the socio-juridical mechanisms of the acceptance of outsiders into being part of local clans function as a living form of law. Using a qualitative socio-legal approach with field data collected through in-depth interviews with traditional leaders (Ninik Mamak) and religious court judges, this study analyzes the structural legal impact of these traditions on marital guardianship, civil relations, and Islamic inheritance rights. This study argues that Mangaku Induak is not just an empty ceremonial formality, but a pragmatic manifestation of Living Fiqh that functions as an integrative instrument to bridge the needs of formal fiqh such as the certainty of a marriage guardian for converts or immigrants with a communal structure of matrilineal kinship. This article contributes to the anthropology of Islamic law by showing how indigenous peoples formulate legal harmony without asserting Islamic normative principles and offers a new analytical framework for religious court judges in resolving complex socio-legal issues.
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